INTRODUCTION: Turkey is the leading refugee hosting country in the world by hosting more than 3,5 million people whom almost half of them are children under age 18. We aimed to investigate psychiatric disorders that seen among kids applied to ‘Migrant Children Outpatient Treatment Unit’ of Marmara University Pendik Training and Research Hospital which is speacilized to provide psychiatric care for refugee children.

METHODS: We investigated follow up files of 41 children applied to ‘Migrant Child Outpatient Treatment Unit’ between May 2017 to November 2017 retrospectively. Socio-demographical data and diagnoses of children according to DSM-5 classification system were analyzed

RESULTS: Of the 41 children 16 (% 30,3) were girl and 25 (% 69,7) were boy. The average age and time after resettlement were 9.4±4 years and 30.2±15 months respectively. 75% of parents stated that a person close to them has died, while 87.9% reported that their children have witnessed to clashes during war. 45% children stated to have seen a dead or injured person in Syria.
Of the children 13 (%31.7) were diagnosed with anxiety disorders, 13 (%31.7) with Attention deficit/Hyperactivity disorder, 10 (%24.4) with Major depressive disorder, 9 (%22.0) with Post-traumatic stress disorder, 8 with (%19.5) speech disorders, 7 (%17.1) with enuresis and 4 (%9.8) with Autism spectrum disorder

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Our findings indicating that refugee children suffer from a wide range of psychiatric disorders which may deteriorate their social and academical functionality and entegration to the new culture years after ressetlement.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of the study was to psychiatrically evaluate children who brought to a child and adolescent psychiatry clinic for a forensic evaluation and asked by the courts whether they were ready to marry mentally and physically. Moreover, the determination of factors related to the intention to get these children married at a early age and the examination of socio-demographic characteristics are among the other aims.
METHODS: 54 children who were asked by the courts whether they were ready to marry mentally and physically were included in the study. The Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version scale was applied. Additionally, WISC-R intelligence test was applied and a socio-demographic data form was filled i
RESULTS: 98.1 % (n=53) of the children intended to get married consisted of females. There was at least one psychiatric disorder in 27.8 % (n=15) of these children. When the children were brought to a forensic evaluation, 63% of them stated that they were married with religious marriage and 18% of them stated that they were engaged. 44% of those married with religouos marriage had children or were pregnant. Almost all children did not attend school (98.1 %). The educational level of the parents in these families, most of which were determined to have a low socioeconomic level, was considerably low.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The low level of education and socio-cultural level are considered to be among important factors related to marrying children at a young age. Children got married at a young age are devoid of many rights with education being in the first place and they may face situations such as being pregnant and having children before completing their cognitive and psychosocial development.

INTRODUCTION: Aggression is a significant problem seen in psychiatric clinics, which can cause physical and psychological trauma. The aim of this study is to investigate aggression and restriction methods in psychiatric settings of a training and research hospital.
METHODS: This descriptive study was conducted in psychiatry services and the Alcohol and Substance Addiction Research Treatment and Education Center between April 1, 2014 and March 31, 2015. The data were collected retrospectively reviewing the completed registration forms immediately after the incident by the clinical nurses.
RESULTS: The number of aggression events in the services was 554. It was found that the majority of the events were intended and actual self-harm and occured in the general psychiatry service. The majority of the events were seen during shift hours in august and in summer. Examining restriction methods it was found that no restraining method was used and therapeutic interviews were conducted in the majority of events and that the most commonly used restriction methods were mechanical restraint and intramuscular medication used with mechanical restraint.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: It is a positive result that restriction methods were not used in the majority of events. The treatment activities must be planned outside normal working hours and in the evening to increase the interaction between patients and staff. Studies regarding recognition, reporting, controlling of aggression that became an important problem for safety of patient and staff in psychiatry services should be done.

INTRODUCTION: The impact of parental coexistence on overcoming the adolescence period is being discussed. The aim of this study is to examine if there is a statistically significant difference in the level of impulse control among the adolescent children of married and divorced couples and to investigate the effect of the socio-demographic characteristics of the divorce process on impulsivity of adolescents.
METHODS: Fifty girls and 50 boys ages of 12-17 with divorced parents, 50 boys and 50 girls with undivorced parents were included in the study. This is a cross-sectional study.
The impulse control levels of adolescents were compared with the Barrat Impulsiveness Scale (BIS). The effect of the educational status of the parents, the gender and the age of the adolescent, the parent with whom the adolescent live, time after divorce process on the level of impulse control were examined. The value of p<0.05 was considered as statistically significant.

RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences between groups in total BIS scores and all subscale scores (p=0,743). In the divorced families, statistically significant difference was found between the time after the divorce and the BIS scores (P=0,002), while there was no statistically significant difference between the education levels of the parents, the parent with whom the adolescent live and the gender of adolescent.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: According to this study, divorce did not effect the impulse control levels of adolescents between 12-17 years. Adolescents aged 6 years or younger in the divorce process were thought to have more impulse control problems than olders. It was thought that evaluation of divorcement and different factors would give better results in studies about impulsivity in adolescence.

INTRODUCTION: Comorbidity of psychotic disorder and substance use disorder is common. Studies demonstrate that this comorbidity constitutes a major mental health problem. The aim of this study is to investigate socio-demographic and clinical differences between illicit drug users and non-users in hospitalised male patients diagnosed with psychotic disorder.
METHODS: This was a retrospective study evaluating files of 237 inpatients treated between January 2013 and December 2016 in Ege University Department of Psychiatry Male Inpatient Unit with diagnosis of Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders according to DSM-5.
RESULTS: Of 237 participants, 16% had a lifetime use of an illicit drug. Participants with substance use disorder had a smaller mean age and shorter duration of education than participants without substance use disorder. Of all the participants with a history of substance use, 76.3% had a history of substance use in the first episode of psychosis. The most preferred substance in 72.4% of the participants with substance use during the first psychotic episode and in 68.4% of all the participants with substance use was cannabis. Treatment compliance was worse in the participants with substance use.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Our findings show that, when psychotic disorder is comorbid with substance use disorder, age of onset of psychotic symptoms decreases, duration of education shortens and treatment compliance deteriorates. These results should be supported by longitudinal studies using quantitative analysis methods.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to test the effects of written emotional disclosure paradigm which is an proper intervention method for traumatic situations on posttraumatic stress symptoms and posttraumatic growth among spouses of cancer patients.
METHODS: A total of 50 spouses (35 women, 15 men) of patients who are within more than 6 months of cancer diagnosis and admitted Uludağ University Faculty of Medicine Medical Oncology Department were included in this study. Participants age ranged from 37 to 70 (M=53.66, SD=7.69). Participants were randomly assigned to one of the three conditions to write during 15-min sessions in 4 consecutive days: positive, negative and negative + positive (mixed) written emotional disclosure. Sociodemographic Information Form; before the first writing session, after the fourth writing session and 1 month later Impact of Event Scale-Revised and Posttraumatic Growth Inventory were administered to all participants.
RESULTS: Results of the study showed that written emotional disclosure had no significant effect on traumatic symptoms and posttraumatic growth. However, there was a time-dependent increase on posttraumatic growth total score and ‘changes in relationship with others’ and ‘changes in philosophy of life subscales from pre-writing to post-writing.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The increase observed in posttraumatic growth from pre-writing to post-writing suggests that this intervention may be important for preventive health services.

INTRODUCTION: Recent studies highlighted the importance of future prospections in cognitive-behavioural therapy for the promotion of healthy coping strategies and thinking patterns. This means a concomitant line of research on developing appropriate psychometric measures for the assessment of future prospections assumes significant importance. Literature review of published research in Turkish revealed a lack of empirically grounded scales on future prospections based on cognitive-behavioural theories. Therefore, this study aimed at translating the Subjective Probability Task (MacLeod, 1996) into Turkish and identifying its relevant psychometric properties.
METHODS: Study sample consisted of 198 voluntary university students studying in Ankara University, Turkey. In addition to the Subjective Probability Task, we also used Beck Depression Inventory, Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire, and Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale – Short Form. Confirmatory factor analysis was done with a separate sample of university students.
RESULTS: The results of exploratory factor analysis conducted revealed a two-factor model: positive prospections (α=.86) and negative prospections (α=.90). This model was supported by a confirmatory factor analysis conducted, and other statistical tests that followed gave further insights on the validity of the scale in Turkish.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Subjective Probability Task was found to be a valid and a reliable test for use in the study of depression symptom structures and severity. The test is seen as a valuable instrument for theoretical conceptualizations as well as preventative measures, and can be used in studies focusing on the diagnosis and treatment of the debilitating disease.

Psychosis is a psychiatric disorder that can occur in different forms does not have a typical beginning. Psychotic disorders are amongst the mental illnesses which cause disability mostly. The main destructive effect of psychosis is seen especially in the first years of illness. Although this period was the most critical period for intervention, found that most of the patients have been without treatment for a long time. Many studies have indicated that the duration of untreated psychosis impacts significantly the severity of the disease, response to antipsychotic treatment, prognosis and social functioning. The another important aspect of duration of untreated psychosis, which is quite determinant on the disease, is the malleable and preventable factor with an effective intervention. The identification of the factors that cause delay in treatment which extends the duration of untreated psychosis and the development of interventional methods for these factors are promising as an scope that can positively change the course of psychotic disorders. Studies indicated that, duration of untreated psychosis has many psychosocial determiners such as the knowledge and attitude with respect to disease, the education level and the socioeconomical status of patient and family, stigmatization, access to healthcare service and family history of psychosis. In this study, it was aimed to assess the studies on the importance and determinants of duration of untreated psychosis.

Emotion regulation defined as which emotional processes that people have and how these processes are experienced and expressed. Difficulties in emotion regulation abilities are one possible mechanisms that play role in several psychopathologies. Depressive symptoms, which create difficulties in individuals’ cognitive, somatic, and behavioral domains in everyday life can be explained by difficulties in emotion regulation abilities. Negative mood that depressive people have do not dependent on context and maintains when facing both positive and negative stimuli. The negative and long term effects of depressive mood are related with the use of maladaptive emotion regulation strategies and deficiency in the usage of adaptive emotion regulation strategies. Depressive mood usually maintains while using rumination and expressive suppression. On the other hand, depressive mood usually decreases while using reevaluation, acceptance, and changing the viewpoint regarding the situation. Nevertheless, functionality of emotion regulation strategies may differ based on features of individuals, social context, and emotional context. In the light of previous studies, the relation between depression and emotion regulation processes will be examined and the information regarding individual differences will be explained, as well. Finally, the studies in the literature will be summarized and suggestions were included for future studies.

Skin picking disorder is not a dermatological disorder and it is a table characterized with picking skin excessively and repetitively, leading to damage in skin tissue. Unlike normal picking behaviour, psychogenic skin picking is repetitive and it can lead to severe damage in the skin and even compli-cations which constitute vital danger. While some patients define frequent but short lasting picking attacks, others define rarer attacks which last a few hours. Skin picking disorder, which is not included in the classification systems up to DSM-5 as a separate diagnosis category, is included as an independent diagnosis in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder and Associated Disorders category in DSM-5. In this study, the treatment of fluoxetine 40 mg/ day and olanzapine 10 mg/day in a 35-year-old female patient who admitted to our psychiatry outpatient clinic with obvious open sores on both arms and legs will be presented in the light of literature information.

Akathisia is a movement disorder characterized by an inner sense of unease, unrest and dysphoria.Suicidal behavior related with akathisia in patients is one of serious harmful behaviors and requires rapid intervention.There is limited number of cases about venlafaxine-associated akathisia in the literature, but it is not still yet known exactly what the actual incidence is.Side effects associated with antidepressants should be closely monitored and should be kept in mind without irreversible conditions. In this case report we will conclude about a case in which rapid development of akathisia and suicidal behavior occurs following venlafaxine treatment initiated with a non-psychiatric indication.