INTRODUCTION: Grief is a natural reaction to potential losses faced by women with breast cancer. To our knowledge, no study has been conducted on prolonged grief disorder (PGD) in women with breast cancer. This study investigated the sociodemographic, cancer-specific, and psychological factors affecting PGD and the relationship between psychological resilience (PR), difficulty in emotion regulation (DER), and PGD in patients with breast cancer.

METHODS: Breast cancer patients who met the inclusion criteria were included in the study (N=177). The Prolonged Grief Disorder Scale-Patient Form, Resilience Scale for Adults, Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale – Brief Form, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale were administered to the patients. The DSM-5-oriented clinical interview was also conducted.

RESULTS: No significant relationships were found between PGD and clinical variables such as tumor stage, recurrence, or treatment types. Significant relationships were found between PGD and a history of mental illness and active psychotropic use. PGD was negatively correlated with age, total duration of cancer, and resilience. PGD was also positively associated with DER. DER was found to be a partial mediator variable (PR→DER→PGD), and depression score acted as a moderator variable in the relationship between PR and PGD, after adjusting for confounders.

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The findings of our study indicate that DER, depression, and PR influence PGD in breast cancer patients. We believe that all patients with breast cancer for more than six months should be evaluated for prolonged grief and, if necessary, referred to grief psychotherapies that help them to accept their losses easily.

INTRODUCTION: This research explores variations in resilience, and coping strategies among physically disabled individuals based on nature of disability, and whether it is congenital or acquired. Additionally, the key factors influencing psychological resilience were thoroughly evaluated.
METHODS: The study involved 193 participants with diverse physical disabilities. They completed the Sociodemographic Data Form (SDVF), The Brief COPE, and Brief Resilience Scale (BRS). The analyses were conducted using the SPSS software package.
RESULTS: Individuals with congenital disabilities had significantly higher resilience scores (p=0.03), while no significant differences were found based on disability type. Hierarchical regression analysis revealed that gender and disability duration significantly predicted psychological resilience, with females and individuals with congenital disabilities demonstrating higher resilience levels (p<0,05).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: This study highlights the importance of tailored support services and rehabilitation programs to enhance the mental well-being of physically disabled individuals by addressing their unique psychological and social challenges.

INTRODUCTION: Hypothesizing that there may be a relationship between eco-anxiety, which reflects concerns about the deterioration of ecological health, and health anxiety, which is an indicator of concern about the deterioration of personal health, we investigated the relationship between eco-anxiety and health anxiety, health cognitions, and metacognitions about health.
METHODS: The study included 367 participants between the ages of 18 and 25. The sociodemographic data form, the Hogg Eco-Anxiety Scale, the Health Anxiety Inventory, the Health Cognitions Questionnaire, and the Metacognitions about Health Questionnaire were completed by the participants.
RESULTS: The total score of eco-anxiety was significantly higher in women than in men (p = 0.002). There was a significant positive correlation between the eco-anxiety scale and total scores of health anxiety, health cognitions, and metacognitions about health scales (p < 0.001). In addition, there was a significant positive correlation between the eco-anxiety level and difficulty coping with illness, perceived likelihood of illness, awfulness of illness, beliefs that thoughts can cause illness, beliefs about biased thinking, and beliefs that thoughts are uncontrollable (p < 0.05).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Our findings point to the intertwined nature of eco-anxiety and health anxiety in an era of increasing environmental crises. Our study also suggests a positive correlation between eco-anxiety and health cognitions and metacognitive beliefs about health, suggesting this intersection. Understanding the complex interplay between ecological anxiety, health anxiety, health cognitions, and metacognitions about health is important for the development of targeted interventions.

INTRODUCTION: Exposure to sexism is negatively associated with women's mental health. On the other hand, there is limited research in the literature on sexism and mental health during pregnancy. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between common mental disorders during pregnancy, such as depression and anxiety, and sexist beliefs.


METHODS: For this scope, 170 pregnant women over 18 were contacted. All participants completed information forms measuring sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, the Tilburg Pregnancy Distress Scale, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and the Ambivalent Sexism Inventory. The correlation coefficient was calculated for the relationships between variables. Two separate hierarchical regression models were tested to determine the predictors of depression and anxiety.

RESULTS: Depression and anxiety had different characteristics in terms of predictive variables. Consistent with the literature, negative affect, partner involvement, and perceived social support significantly predict both depression and anxiety. Negative affect and partner involvement are factors of the Tilburg Pregnancy Distress Scale. However, there is no common predictive variable other than those three. In addition to this common triad, internalized hostile sexism significantly predicts depression. Moreover, low education and health problems related to pregnancy are significant variables in predicting only anxiety levels but not depression. In this respect, the findings show that there are variables that predict prenatal depression and anxiety in common, as well as different predictors of these two mental health problems observed in the perinatal period.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Hostile sexist beliefs of pregnant women are not associated with anxiety but predict perinatal depression.

INTRODUCTION: Objective: Our study aimed to examine the relationship between the cognitive functions of patients with OCD, and the expression levels of 12 miRNAs that regulate glutamate and serotonin gene expressions.


METHODS: Methods: Seventy patients with OCD and 35 age- and educational-matched healthy controls were included in the study. The Tower of London Test (ToL), Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), Trail Making Test (TMT), Stroop Test (ST), Digit Span Test (DST), and the Verbal Fluency Test (VFT) were performed on the participants. Twelve miRNA expression levels in the venous blood of the participants were detected using real-time polymerase chain reaction.

RESULTS: Results: Abstraction, cognitive flexibility, psychomotor speed, and verbal fluency performances of patients with OCD were significantly worse than the healthy control group (p<0.05). miRNA 6740 expression levels were positively associated with ToL-total correct scores in the patients (p=0.010) and negatively associated with ST-interference duration in the healthy controls (p=0.020).

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Conclusion: Our study indicates that patients with OCD have impairment of executive function, and miRNA-6740 expression levels may be related to executive functions both in patients with OCD and in general. The underlying mechanisms should be investigated in future studies to better understand the relationship of miRNA-6740-5p with cognitive functions.

Authorities have openly acknowledged the worsening of mental health in the society, despite subtantial investments in the field. Throughout the past century, clinicians and theorists have made various efforts to question and refine traditional approachs to healing. However, as seen in the sphere of ideological movements, these efforts ultimately led to a fragmentated psychotherapeutic landscape and an incoherent narrative of biological psychiatry and neuroscience. This essay explores a generalized approach to psychotherapy that interveawes psychoanalitic thought, philosophy, power dynamics, psychotraumatology, and contemporary popular culture. The author emphasizes philosophical foundations, particularly Hegelian dialectics, as a means of driving change not only in society but also individual experience. The manuscript delves into implicit and immediate factors within psychotherapy, framing estrangement to oneself and the environment as a core psychopathological issue. Dialectical Dynamic Therapy (DDT) is proposed as a comprehensive framework designed to foster emancipatory movements. It functions in conjunction with Implicit Psychotherapy which directly engages the symbolic network of mental apparatus to minimize resistances, utilizing this approach as its core communication technique. Considering interpersonal and societal interference as a security threat to the essence of the individual, subtle encryption of communication between patient and therapist plays a crucial role in safety of the interaction. A novel model of mind is formulated which is suitable to address the concept of digital brain. Dialectical Discourse, as proposed and outlined in this paper, serves as the fundamental basis of this approach aimed at healing to the greatest extent possible while carrying the ethical and professional responsibility and accountability about the clinical outcome.

Young women with physical disabilities are known to have a higher risk of developing any type of eating disorders. Because the physical disabilities of these patients usually include components such as body image disturbances, feelings of lack of control arising from the need to get help from others and excessive attention to maintaining the weight that will allow the desired mobility. Although there is such a relationship between disabling chronic diseases and eating disorders, there are a limited number of publications on this subject in the literature. Spina bifida is one of the most common congenital defect of the central nervous system and occurs in around 1 per 1000 births worldwide. Many physical, medical, cognitive, emotional and psychosocial secondary consequences are observed in spina bifida patients and these consequences create a serious disease burden. Body dissatisfaction is prevalent in patients with spina bifida and body dissatisfaction has been identified as a risk factor for the development of eating disorders. Anorexia nervosa is a serious mental disorder characterized by excessive fear of gaining weight and disturbed body image. During anorexia nervosa, severe weight loss and secondary medical problems that may have a life-threatening impact on the patient may occur. In this case report, the diagnosis and treatment process of anorexia nervosa in a young female patient with spina bifida is discussed in detail.

It is said that when the grief process is not adequately resolved, it can be transformed into somatization and conversion reactions, which is called a "grief avoidance style response," and it is a way of expressing psychological distress with somatic symptoms. Hiccups are a common physiological condition. Although hiccup attacks usually pass spontaneously within 48 hours, if they last between 48 hours and 1 month, they are defined as persistent hiccups, and if they last for more than 1 month, they are defined as resistant hiccups. It is known that resistant hiccups can have organic, psychogenic and idiopathic causes. Among the organic causes of resistant hiccups; gastroenterologic, neurologic, hematologic diseases and medications can be said to be present. Psychological causes of hiccups are rare and should be considered after excluding organic causes. This case report discusses an adolescent who presented with persistent hiccups that began after the loss of his father.

Benzodiazepines may cause adverse cutaneous reactions in about 0.3% of patients, with lorazepam linked to hypersensitivity and exanthematous eruptions in adults. Lorazepam, an intermediate-acting benzodiazepine, is commonly prescribed for anxiety and status epilepticus, and its pharmacological effects are mediated by gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). This report presents a lorazepam-induced skin reaction in a 12-year-old male patient with Hunter syndrome, which improved after discontinuation of lorazepam therapy.