Aim: The aim of the present study is to investigate to what extent adult attachment styles and marital adjustment predict healthy life style behavior and health status during pregnancy after controlling for demographic variables like education, age, workstatus, and education level. Methods: The sample of the study constitutes 195 pregnant women whouse online pregnancy forum on
the internet. The participants were expected to answer the online survey which was given to them as a list. The questionnaire consisted of a demographic information form, The Pregnancy Health Status Checklist, Marital Adjustment Scale, Experiences in Close Relationships Inventory-II and Healthy Lifestyle Behavior Scale-II. Results: According to the hierarchical linear regression analyses findings, anxious attachment and avoidant attachment predicted the change in health behavior during pregnancy significantly. In another hierarchical regression analysis, only anxious attachment predicted the change in health status of pregnant women. In addition, t-test analysis reveals that, working pregnant women have lower levels of avoidant attachment style and higher marital adjustment score than house wives. Conclusion: The results show that the health behavior of
pregnant women is significantly associated with attachment styles during pregnancy. Health status of pregnant women is also related with attachment styles and marital adjustment.Theresults of the present study will be discussed with previous findings in the literature.

Objectives: The aim of present study is to determine validity and reliability of the Quality of Parent-Adolescent Relationship Scale developed by Wissink, Dekovicand Meijer (2006) for university students. Method: For thispurpose, Multidimensional Anger Scaleand UCLA Loneliness Scale with the Quality of Parent-Adolescent Relationship Scale were administered to 402 university students whose age are 17-25. Results: The results of confirmatory factor analysis and exploratory factor analysis showed that, the quality of parent-adolescent relationship scale is valid and reliable for university students. Discussion: The scale can be qualifiedto be used in developmental and clinical psychology studies as a scale which is realiable, valid and practical on the grounds of its shortness, its ability to evaluate mother and father seperately, its facility to score and interpret.

Obejctives: As a traumatic experience, early childhood parental loss have a negative impact on psyhological health of individuals and parental loss may cause the development of various psychiatric symptoms. The present study has two phases. In the first phase, the investigation
of psychiatric symptoms among adult children who lost their fathers in the early childhood is aimed. In the second phase, the predictor roles of attachment styles on the psychiatric symptoms are examined. The study group was composed of the adult children of the soldiers who died in a combat while serving in the obligatory military service. Method: 105 (50 females, 55 males) adult children of martry whose age range is between 18 and 30 participated in this study. 40.6% of participants lost their fathers at the age from 0 to 1, and 42.6% lost him at the age between 1 and 3. Participants
were assessed using Demographic Information Form, Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI), and Relationship Scales Questionnaire (RSQ). Regarding psychiatric symptoms gender difference and group differences based on attachment styles (healty vs. unhealty) was tested. Multiple regression (Stepwise Model) was used to explore the predictor role of attachment styles on psychiatric
symptoms. Results: Females and individuals who have unhealthy attachment style, which was characterized by dismissing/avoidant, fearful, and preoccupied,have higher levels of depression and anxiety. No significant difference was found in psychiatric symptoms related to anxiety, hositility, and somatization considering gender and attachment styles. There was a very strong relationship between psychiatric symptomps related to negative identity and fearful attachment style. Furthermore, unhealthy attachment styles were important predictors of psychiatric symptoms of individuals who lost their father during early childhood. Conclusion: Early parental loss and attachment style has an important effect on the psyhological well-being of individuals.

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a syndrome characterised by symptoms of re-experiencing the traumatic event, avoidance-emotional numbness and hypervigilance symptoms that can develop after exposure to a traumatic event. PTSD has typically been used after the Vietnam War it has been involved in the DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) diagnostic system. Besides trauma's severity and duration; social, neuroendocrinologic and genetic factors effects developing PTSD. In order to understand the etiology of this disorder, there are continuous increases on the neurobiological, cognitive, behavioral and psychodynamic field studies. It is believed that many factors play a role in the etiology. Neuroendocrine system and the hypothalamuspituitary-
adrenal axis (HPA), neurotransmitter systems, neuroanatomical-neurophysiological models,opioid system, endocannabinoids and genetic risk factors are part of factors that are most focused on. The etiology of PTSD also play a role the multiple factors and for the a clearer understanding of this disorder is considered to be multidimensional and long process required further work. In this article, some of these factors,such as neuroendocrine system and HPA, neurotransmitter systems, neuroanatomical-neurophysiological models that play a role in the etiology of PTSD are reviewed.